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Review: Epidemiology of diabetes — its history in the last 50 years
Paul Zimmet
International Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia 3162, pzimmet{at}idi.org.au
The application of epidemiology to the study of diabetes mellitus has provided new insights into many aspects of this major public health problem including its natural history, prevalence, incidence, morbidity and mortality in diverse populations around the globe. The main impetus came from the late Kelly West's book `Epidemiology of Diabetes and its Vascular Lesions' published in 1978. In addition, World Health Organization and American Diabetes Association Expert Committees made astute recommendations on the classification and criteria for diabetes and associated categories of glucose intolerance as well as methodological issues for diabetes epidemiology studies in diverse populations. These studies have provided direction for research into the possible molecular defects and biochemical mechanisms underlying both type 1 and 2 diabetes as well as important information on the extrinsic (social, cultural and environmental) risk determinants.
Key Words: epidemiology diabetes glucose intolerance field surveys.
References
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- WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus. Second Report. Technical Report Series No 646. Geneva: WHO, 1980.
- World Health Organization. Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes mellitus and its Complications; Part 1: Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance, Geneva, 1999.
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- Zimmet P., Taft P., Guinea A., Guthrie W., Thoma K. The high prevalence of diabetes mellitus on a Central Pacific island. Diabetologia 1977;13: 111-15.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
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- Zimmet P., Alberti Kgmm, Shaw J. Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature 2001;414:782-7.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
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- Dowse GK, Zimmet P. A model protocol for a diabetes and other noncommunicable disease field survey. Wld Hlth Statist Quart 1992;45:360-72.
- King H., Aubert RE, Herman WH Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2005: prevalence, numerical estimates and projections. Diabetes Care 1998;21: 1414-31.[Abstract]
- Ng FM, Zimmet P., Seiler G., Taft P., Bornstein J. Insulin potentiating action of a peptide fraction from human urine. Diabetes 1974;23:950-6.[Medline]
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- Prior IAM, Rose BS, Davidson F. Metabolic maladies in New Zealand Moaris. BMJ 1964;1:1065-9.[Free Full Text]
- Zimmet P., Dowse G., Finch C., Serjeantson S., King H. The epidemiology and natural history of NIDDM - lessons from the South Pacific. Diabetes Metab Rev 1990;6:91-124.[Web of Science][Medline]
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- Zimmet P., Faaiuso S., Ainuu J., Whitehouse S., Milne B., de Boer W. The prevalence of diabetes in the rural and urban Polynesian population of Western Samoa. Diabetes 1981;30:45-51.[Abstract]
- Zimmet P., Taylor R., Ram P., King H., Sloman G., Raper LR, Hunt R. Prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in the biracial (Melanesian and Indian) population of Fiji: A rural-urban comparison. Am J Epidemiol 1983;118:673-88.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Myers MA, Mackay IR, Rowley MJ, Zimmet PZ Dietary microbial toxins and type 1 diabetes - a new meaning for seed and soil. Diabetologia 2001;44:1199-200.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
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The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, Vol. 2, No. 6,
435-439 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/14746514020020060401

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