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Review: Microvascular complications: evaluation and monitoring relevance to clinical practice, clinical trials, and drug development

Division of Cardiovascular and Endocrine Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK

Mitra Tavakoli

Division of Cardiovascular and Endocrine Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK

Moaz Mojaddidi

Division of Cardiovascular and Endocrine Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK

Ahmed Al-Sunni

Division of Cardiovascular and Endocrine Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK

Glenn Matfin

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA

Rayaz A Malik

Division of Cardiovascular and Endocrine Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK, Rayaz.a.malik{at}man.ac.uk

The long-term microvascular complications of diabetes pose a major health burden. Although, much of the focus has been on the macrovascular much of the focus has been on the macrovascular complications, it is clear that the microvascular complications have a significant impact on both morbidity and mortality amongst diabetic patients. Indeed retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy compete as the leading causes of premature blindness, end-stage renal disease, and non-traumatic lower-limb amputation, respectively. Furthermore, complications develop and progress in unison and indeed share many common risk factors. Effective evaluation and monitoring of these complications in clinical practice is clearly important, however, it is also relevant to clinical addressing microvascular complications, Novel intervention studies, and drug development programs diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are continually evolving in this area and will be discussed in more detail in this review.

Key Words: diagnosis • nephropathy • neuropathy • retinopathy • treatment.

The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, Vol. 7, No. 4, 166-171 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/14746514070070040501


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