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The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease
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Review: Insulin-like growth factor-related proteins and diabetic complications

Callum Livingstone

Peptide Hormone Supraregional Assay Service, Clinical Laboratory, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5XX, UK, clivingstone{at}royalsurrey.nhs.uk

Gordon Aa Ferns

Centre for Clinical Science and Measurement, School of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XX, UK

The insulin-like growth factor system and, in particular, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) are dysregulated in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Serum IGF-I levels are low in both forms of diabetes, and this may be in part genetically determined. It is possible that the reduced serum levels of IGF-I are involved in the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Fasting serum IGFBP-1 levels are usually low in early type 2 diabetic patients with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia but may be raised in patients with particularly poor glycaemic control and severe beta-cell failure. Treatment with IGF-I/binding protein complexes has been shown to improve glycaemic control in conjunction with insulin and may in future have a place in the treatment of diabetes, potentially to prevent diabetic complications. Serum IGFBP-1 determination may have utility in the assessment of cardiovascular risk and as an indicator for insulin resistance.

Key Words: insulin-like growth factor • insulin-like growth factor binding protein • diabetes • microvascular disease • macrovascular disease.

The British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease, Vol. 3, No. 5, 326-331 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/14746514030030050301
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